How Do I Roll Dice in C#

This application uses one instance of the Random() class in the object rnd. It also allocates enough space to hold the totals for scores 3..18 in the array Rolls[]. Member functions OneDice() returns a value between 1 and 6 - rnd.Next(n) returns values in the range 0..n-1, while ThreeDice() calls OneDice() three times. The constructor for the RollDice() clears the Rolls array then calls ThreeDice() however many times (10 million in this case) and increments the appropriate Rolls[] element. The last part is to print out the generated totals to see that it generates throws in accordance with the probabilities. A 6 sided dice has an average score of 3.5, so three dice should average about 10.5. The totals for 10 and 11 are roughly the same and occur about 12.5% of the time. Here is the output of a typical run. It takes no more than a second. Because its a console application, I included a Console.ReadKey(); To wait until you hit a key before closing. Program Output 3 46665 4 138772 5 277440 6 463142 7 693788 8 971653 9 1157160 10 1249360 11 1249908 12 1159074 13 972273 14 695286 15 463270 16 277137 17 138633 18 46439 Program Listing using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace exrand {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  public class RollDice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  private Random rnd new Random() ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  private int[] Rolls new int[19]; // Holds 3 to 18   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  public int OneDice() {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  return rnd.Next(6)1;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  }   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  public int ThreeDice()   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  return OneDice() OneDice() OneDice() ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  }   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  public RollDice(int Count)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  int i 0;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  for (i3;i

Presidential Running Mates - When Are They Chosen

Classroom Behavior Essay - 1462 Words

Would you be surprised to learn that in today’s classroom children sometimes aren’t learning due to behavioral issues? Teachers are attempting to teach classes in which students can be disruptive, disrespectful and defiant. Classrooms are often overcrowded which adds to the frustration of the situation. Teachers are often tempted to take the easy way out, using antiquated strategies that will usually not help the child to learn. In fact, some types of punishments can actually cause the child to become even more rebellious. The child can experience a sense of worthlessness after being punished again and again. Children do not act out because they are â€Å"bad.† They act out in the hopes of receiving some kind of response or reward. In the†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, if that child fills the need for attention by getting into trouble at school, they will get into trouble. Skinner tells us that â€Å"non-reinforcement leads to the extinction of a behavior.† In other words if teachers figure out what the child is getting from exhibiting a particular behavior, they can then give that child the exact opposite of the expected response. If our response is consistent the child will eventually give up the behavior in lieu of another which yields more satisfying results. The reward system is sometimes turned around to reinforce poor behavior. Often, children who are misbehaving are looking for some sort of a reaction. It is possible that they believe that it is better to not even try than to try and fail. It could also be true that the only type of attention they r eceive comes from the instances in which they misbehave. Although as adults it may seem logical that one would avoid being singled out or chastised, children who have little sense of self worth will â€Å"take what they can get.† Skinner calls his strategy for dealing with disruption â€Å"non-reinforcement.† Skinner’s theory claims that â€Å"non-reinforcement leads to extinction of behavior.† By ignoring disruptive behavior, a teacher can extinguish it. Eventually, the disruptive student will realize that their behavior will not gain any response will seek another way to belong to the group. There are manyShow MoreRelatedClassroom Behavior640 Words   |  3 PagesContracting With Disadvantaged Youths: Improving Classroom Performance, (3), 447-454 Classroom behavior management can be one of the most difficult issues teachers face today. With the variance of personalities in one classroom, it may be difficult for a teacher to stay actively in control of the ever-changing environment. 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Creating socially responsible value chains -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Creating Socially Responsible Value Chains? Answer: Introduction Nestle was established by pharmacist Henri Nestle in 1867 on the seaboard of Lake Geneva, Switzerland. After many years of business operations, headquarter of the company is still in Vevey, Switzerland. In current time, Nestle is the biggest food company in all over the world because of its fundamental culture, values of environmental preservation and cleanliness in each country in which it is operating. Currently, the company has 468 Nestle factories in the business operations. This report focuses on the marketing and management concept in the business operations of Nestle. The objective of this study is to critically analyze key marketing activities of Nestle which take place in the local and international market. Along with this, report also focuses on the current marketing strategies and tactics adopted by the company to acquire and retain the customers and make profit in the operating market (Ghauri, 2015). Nestle is definitely one of the most capable food companies which has st rong presence in across the world. The employees of the company have skills to keep hold of their standards in terms of strong position level in the market. They ensure the fact that the products provided by the company are definitely best to use for all the customers. Nestle has the collection of the products to provide and all those products are the best in their types. Now days, marketing strategies has great importance in order to progress in the market. This is the reason company Nestle is selected for the discussion as the company is trying to maintain its top position by its effective marketing strategies in the market. Marketing concepts Nestle defines the concept of marketing in its own way. For the company, marketing is all about building the relationship with the customers based on the satisfaction and customer value by the use of modern marketing. There are two fold objectives of Nestle marketing i.e. attract new customers by offering them better quality and value in the products and retain the existing customers by providing satisfaction with its products. Nestle describes marketing as the social and managerial procedure by which good food and good life can be provided to individual and groups by creating and exchanging the values and products (Pealoza, Toulouse Visconti, 2013). Worldwide presence Today, Nestle is the biggest food and beverage company in all over the world along with worldwide; leader in nutrition, health and wellness. Customers in the world, from village area to big cities are united by promise of Nestle in terms of taste, quality, convenience and nutrition. Company is operating in 86 countries along with 250,000 employees across the world. The products of the company are available in almost every country. The business operations of Nestle are spread across three global zone which cover America, Asia, Europe, Oceania and Africa. By identifying the special needs in every region, the company is operating in these three zones locally but combined by common vision and objectives. The immense popularity of the company comes from its effective efforts to manufacture products that give nutrition and quality benefits at the affordable prices even in the remote region. Vision and mission statement The strategic objectives of Nestle Ltd are to focus on providing investor value by the attainment of sustainable, profitable long term growth and capital efficient in the market. Growth in the profitability will be attained by respecting quality and safety standards while manufacturing the products for the customers. By this objective, Nestle has vision to grow in the shortest possible time in each and every company along with the distinctive ability to fulfill the needs of the customers in every group i.e. from infant to old age, for pleasure and nutrition. This objective can be achieved by the development of wide range of food catagories of the highest quality. Further, mission of Nestle is to develop motivated and professionally trained employees in order to drive growth by innovation and renovation. So, the mission objective of the company is to provide best food and beverage products to the people in all over the world. Core values It is stated above that Nestle has global vision to be leading company in terms of wellness, health and Nutrition Company in the world. In this manner, there are some core values adopted by the company for the sustainability of the business. Those core values are described below: Direct a active, professional and motivated personnel and proud of its inheritance and enthusiastic about the future, Fulfill the dietetic requirements of the customers of all the age groups i.e. from childhood to old age by the innovative platforms of recognized food and beverage products along with the maximum quality, Provide investor value by the long-term development when playing responsible and important role in the economic, communal and ecological segments in the countries, Focus on all the aspects of advertising and communication factors to attract the customers in the market, Communications with the customers including applicable, cutting-edge and maximum standard of accountable communication, Positive innovation and reformation society which is the main factor of success in the market, and Completely incorporated systems for the traders and consumers and make sure effectual business procedures Marketing mix There are various marketing strategies adopted by Nestle to stay competitive in all over the world. For the company, marketing strategy is the foundation of a successful marketing plan for the products. This includes set of specific actions required for the successful business for instance, using low cost product to attract the customers. With the low cost product, company is able to establish strong relationship with the customers and enhance the interaction with them in the market. Basic marketing strategies of Nestle are to develop brands for every product (Wong, 2010). There are effective marketing mix strategies adopted by the company and those are as follows: Product Nestle has one of the largest and premium range of food and nutrition products in all over the world. The ready food markets have been increasing across the world which is properly and deeply covered by the Nestle. So, Nestle is focused on improving its brand image in the food market and manufacture new products in the organized food area. There are wide ranges of healthy food products for all age groups. Price Price range provided by Nestle on its products varies on varieties of the products i.e. very low to very high. Company uses various wrapping materials of lower to superior priced products which is helpful for Nestle to cover all the sectors related to customers including any age and their buying in bulk of a small price. Along with this, it is observed that there is the strong competition in the food and beverage market in terms of prices of the products. But Nestle is never behind this competition as the pricing strategy adopted by the company is capable to attract the customers in the market. So, current pricing strategy is very effective for Nestle and company should keep this in future also (Chakravarthy Coughlan, 2011). Place As Nestle is famous food and Beverage Company in all over the world so, the company has large distributed network of wholesalers, distributors, suppliers and retailers. Along with this, they are connected and loyal for the company. They are key player of the business and their performance is so strong that Nestle never face any kind of problem in the distribution and supply chain network in any part of world. For the new products, company needs to focus on the healthy perception of the products and in case of fresh food products; they should be kept in the suitable environment (Davis, 2012). Promotion In case of promotional techniques, Nestle is using variety of advertising tactics for the wide range of products. For the chocolate products, Nestle is using promotional tactics under which free bars are obtainable with the multi bar family packs. Along with this, Nestle has done tie up with Burger King in some countries in order to provide attractive offers to the customers such as meal coupons to its potential customers. For the healthy readymade food products, the promotion team of Nestle also works with the wellbeing and fitness centers like Fitness First and True Fitness to motivate and advise the consumers to consume healthy prepared foods of the company (Vakratsas, Demetrios Ma, 2005). Segmentation To attract the customers for the sale of the products, Nestle is using STP marketing strategy i.e. segmentation, target market and positioning. These are basic concepts of the marketing which are helpful for the companies to identify potential customers for their products. In case of Nestle, company is using demographics as well as behavioral segmentation. It is well known that demographic segmentation divides the market into various groups based on the demographical variables (Bickhoff, Hollensen Opresnik, 2014). Nestle always launch its products based on some variables like: Age- Nestle is always launching wide ranges of products for different ages people. For example, the company has launched Lactogen and Nestle Cerelac for babies for 1 month to 4 years. Along with this, Nestle has launched Nescafe for young people. For different age people, the company has different product offerings like Keylogges Cornflakes, Boost and Milo etc (Gootman, McGinnis Kraak, 2006). Family size- Nestle has also launched their products based on family sizes. The company has mini products for small families and big products for big family size such as Maggi family pack for big family, Cornflakes in large and small size. Occupation- Nestle has various products for the working and occupational people. For instance, the company has Nescafe for those people who have to work a lot. Along with this, company has launched Milo which is an energy drink. Loyalty status- There is various products by which Nestle has segmented its market based on customer loyalty. There are many customers who are loyal for some products like Maggie, Nescafe and Kit Kat etc (Bruning, Hu, Hao, 2009) Target market Nestle is using differentiated marketing strategies for the target market. The company basically targets different market segments and provides various attractive offers to them. The company has also launched various new products to get high level of sales and stronger position in the food and beverage industry within the segments. The company has targeted the markets based on family sizes, ages, occupation, and income and thus the company is launching new and innovative products. Along with this, the company is also targeting the market based on loyalty status so that customers can be loyal towards the specific brands. Positioning This is the process of positioning the brand image in the mind of the customers. In case of Nestle, company wants to provide health and nutritious food products to the customers. By the positioning process, objective of Nestle is to make the products as the part of daily life of the customers by meeting their absolute necessities (Hooley, Saunders Piercy, 2008). Supply chain The supply chain management of Nestle is extremely effective in order to set up big stage for the suppliers in the business operations. The company is able to gain competitive advantage by the useful assistance from the supply chain of the company. Along with the demand and supply planning, there are factors like corporeal logistics, preparation and procurement, and consumer services in the business operations of Nestle. In similar time, supply chain tactics accepted by Nestle are helpful in providing the products based on the market needs of the consumers in timely manner. Basically, supply chain management of Nestle is the arrangement of science and art which are helpful in achieving the corporate objectives in superiorly (Bag, Anand Pandey, 2016). With the help of supply chain process, Nestle identifies the specific requirements of raw material to produce products and services. Along with this, company also identifies the manufacturers for providing goods developed by the company and offered to the customers. The success of supply chain process of the company depends upon some important parties like distributors, manufacturers, suppliers, retailers, producers and consumers (Dharni Sharma, 2015). The supply chain process of Nestle is described in the given figure. Total quality management The business operations of Nestle are extremely dedicated in order to maintain safety and superiority in the manufacturing process to ensure safe and healthy products for the customers. Over the years, safety and quality for the customers are key concern for the implementation of main tactics by the company to manage value. So, similar perception is applicable to the complete portfolio of the company in the food and beverage goods by the methods and services. Based on the analysis of the website of the company it is observed that the quality and safety of the products is the core business principles of Nestle. Those principles adopted by the company for the operations at global level (Cullen Parboteeah, 2013). The excellence management systems and related activities of Nestle are developed by the guidance of quality policy implemented by the company. The strategy includes some important commitments of the company i.e. Meeting the preferences and expectations of the customers in market in order to encourage the development of product in the business operation, Developing and spreading no-waster and zero-defect attitudes for the employees of the organization, Managing with the quality regulations and requirements related to the external and internal food safety and health, and Giving priority to the quality as the group-wide objectives (Trematerra, 2013) It is analyzed that quality management system is effective to operate at the global level for Nestle to follow the definite principles in the countries. There are specific quality principles related to food and beverage goods to make sure benefits for the customers by food products. Apart from this, internal quality management system of the company is basically reviewed by autonomous certification bodies to make sure the compliance to the global principles and regulatory necessities (Park, Ungson Cosgrove, 2015). Corporate management mechanism There are different processes in the organization of Nestle by which company uses its synergies for the effective business operations. There are various methods used by the company for the effective business operations between diverse cross-businesses which are described below: Sharing of information and knowledge- By implementing of Global business excellence system, company is able to share the information and knowledge by using the innovative information technology and system. This is a comprehensive information system by which Nestle is able to do business together along with common technology infrastructure. Under this system, company collects standardized data by the systematic management if information in order to create knowledge and share it among the customers (Das, 2015). Open innovation model- Nestle has model of open-innovation which is the system encompassed from more than 300 external research units and collaborating them with the global level. In this network, more than 5000 technologists and research establishment and other companies are brought together. By the knowledge of both internal and external researchers, Nestle is able to improve the product range from open-innovation framework (De Witt Meyer, 2010). Creation of innovation acceleration team- There are many new and innovative products provided by RD team of Nestle at the international level. This is innovation management team by which company is able to create fast and innovative product introduction in the market. The team includes various RD and supply chain management experts. Along with this, they have responsibilities and tasks to improve and fasten the launches of new products in various markets. Human resource management Nestle is largest FMCG company operating in all over the world. For the successful business operations, there are skilled employees who recognize the requirements and needs of the customers in the market. Company focuses on effective HR activities for hiring and recruiting skilled workforce for the business operations. There are some HR activities adopted by Nestle and those are as follows: Recruitment- It is observed that the employees are engaged in various activities of Nestle. Employees in the company are hired by the effective recruitment process. As a dynamic flexible organization, Nestle is famous for its workforce or human assets which are one of the most important characteristics which differentiate the company in the market. Identifying, recruiting and retaining the talent are priorities of the company. The human resource teams develop the culture by the employee learning and sustain the growth by ensuring passion of the employees so that they can achieve the organizational goals. Employee relations- In the organized work environment, the labor and employee relations functions of HR are handled by the HR specialists in every area. The positive relations with the employees are basically considered as HR discipline which is important to strengthen the employer-employee relationship by providing job satisfaction, resolving workplace conflicts and employee engagement in the company (Oke, 2016). Compensation and benefits- Like labor and employee relations, HR department of Nestle provides various benefits and compensations handled by HR specialists with dual expertise. In terms of compensation for employees, the functions of HR includes evaluating competitive pay practices and setting compensations structures. Sustainability For the effective and sustainable business, Nestle is committed to some business principles in all the countries focusing on legal legislation, cultural and religious practices. Those business practices are described below: The business objective of Nestle is that the products of the company must be manufactured by management and employees in such way as to develop value that can be constant for the long term basis over shareholders, customers, workforce, business partners and various national economies in which the company is operating. Nestle does not focus on the short-term profit. Company basically focused on the long term business development. Along with this, company identifies the need to make the profit every year in order to sustain support from the financial markets and financial investments (Okeudo, 2012). Company considers that the regulations are the most important and efficient uphold of ethical conduct. In some areas, direction to management and employees in terms of intentional business values are beneficial to make sure that highest principles in the business are met by the company. Nestle is aware of the fact that the success and growth of the business is the reflection of professionalism and ethical values of the management and employees so, it is focused on the recruitment of right people along with appropriate training and development. For Nestle, customers have legitimate interest in the company in terms of its brands and the way in which the business is operating in the market (Pomeranz, 2013). Legislation in international market Nestle observes with the laws and regulations valid in various countries in which the company is operating. Company makes sure that the policies related to ethical practices are fulfilled in the business operations. By doing business in the responsible manner with the business principles, company is able to establish relationships with the customers in all over the world. Along with this, company is aware globalization is important for the growth and development at the global level. For this manner, Nestle is following some suggestions as ILO basic rights, and international code of marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in the sustainable policies. Basically, company supports obligations and references for the self regulations and sustainable development. Consumers The key objective of Nestle is to create values for the customers that can be sustained by providing wide range of high quality and safe food products at the reasonable prices. The company assumes that communication and other promotional techniques have significant role in motivating the customers to select right products according their needs and requirements. For fulfilling this role in the responsible manner, Nestle makes determined efforts in terms of advertising i.e. Company does not misinform as the advantage resulting from the use of products, Company does not utilize unwarranted and unjustified brutality and bad language, Company does not shows discrimination and offensive attitude to political, religious, cultural, ethic and social groups, Company avoids such exhibitions that shoes inappropriate or dangerous use of the products, Further, company keeps away from the misuse of various events which can be the cause of bad experience and conflicts with the business image of the company (Park, Lee Kim, 2014). Along with the above discussed principles, Nestle does not sponsor radio and TV programs whose only strategy is to attract viewers that lie clearly about the use of offensive attitudes and gratuitous violence to minority or majority groups. Children as consumers In the sustainable business practices, Nestle as developed some principles for children. Those principles include communications including events, advertising and sponsorships to the children so that children should not be disguised. Further, company has principle that advertisements to children should not portray them unsafe situations and they should not accept the invitation from those people they do not know. Along with this, according to Nestle, food and beverage communication should not show the advertisements related to unsafe and irresponsible consumption (Lee Lien, 2015). Nestle corporate culture In the sustainable business, Nestle has adopted corporate business principles in the business operations. Company is committed for the sustainable corporate culture in the business practices. It is discussed before that Nestle is one of the most famous companies in the food and beverage industry. The company has employees from the different and diverse backgrounds. Nestle respect the diverse culture, traditions and mentality of each employees in each country. Aim of Nestle is to incorporate its own culture into the employees without changing the culture and identity of employees. In Nestle, there is the existence of distinctive work culture among the employees and management. Employees are highly motivated towards their work as managers and higher authority send motivational messages to the employees (Gilligan Hird, 2012). Corporate social responsibility It is described above that Nestle is operating in 83 countries with the help of 461 factories. Nestle basically operates in the developing countries and 50% of its plants are operating in the developing countries. Company has adopted principles and policies which are concerned with actions related to customers, employees, human rights and labor practices, suppliers and the environment (Lantos, 2001). It is the responsibility of Nestle to create values for the stakeholders along with enriching the nature. This concept basically refers a creating shared value including international laws, codes of countries along with the principles of the company. Nestle gives special focus on creating values in nutrition, water and development of rural areas. These are important for the corporate activities and for its value chain. Water- It is well-known that water is the life line for the people living in the society. Along with this, it is also important for the company for the production purpose (Melo, Garrido, 2012). Rural development- Most of raw material and inventories are supplied by the rural areas. So, Nestle is focused on the initiatives for well-being of farmers, workers, countryside communities, contractors and minor businesses for the long term success of the business activities. Nutrition- It is understood that healthy food and nutrition are the foundation of health of the societies. So, Nestle is focused on making the customers aware about Nutrition, wellness and healthy food products (Verain, Dagevos Antonides, 2015). The major areas of contribution of Nestle towards society are very vast and it is differentiated into five catagories. Those catagories are as follows: Areas Initiatives Water Raising awareness about water conservation and improve, Working to achieve water efficiency and sustainability for the business operations, Treating the water society discharge effectively, Advocating for effective water stewardship and policies, Engaging with the suppliers who are in the occupation of agriculture (Servaes, Tamayo, 2013) Rural development Executing responsible sourcing in the supply chain, Continuously advancing the green coffee supply chain, Following countryside framework of growth to understand the requirements of famers in rural areas, Rolling out the cocoa plan of nestle with cocoa farmers Environmental sustainability Providing climate change leadership, Improving resource efficiency in operations, Promoting proactive and transparency for the long term engagement in climate policy, Improving the performance of environment in terms of packaging, Optimizing and assessing the environmental impact of the product, Providing meaningful and accurate information related to information, Preventing natural capital including forests Human rights, people and compliance Eliminating child labor in the business activities, Addressing human rights and their impact on the business operations and supply chain, Improving gender balance in the workforce, Ensuring that the staff and stakeholders can report on compliance violations, Ensuring all Nestle employees are under the certified health and safety and management systems, Providing effective training based on the corporate business principles, environmental and nutrition sustainability, Operating against bribery and corruption (Vachani Post, 2012) Rolling out global youth initiatives in all over business operations Nutrition Reducing the level of sodium (salt) in the products, Reducing the risk related to nutrition by micronutrient fortification, Building knowledge leadership in the nutrition of children, Providing products full of nutrition designed especially for children (Sikiwa Basera, 2012), Leading in the industry in terms of health and nutrition research by the collaboration, Reducing level of sugar in its products, Motivating for the consumption of vegetable and whole grains (Tang, Sodhi Formentini, 2016), Reducing saturated fats and removing trans fats in Nestle products, Providing nutrition information to customers and providing advice on all the labels, Providing important guidance to the customers Sustainable packaging It is observed that the information on the food packaging labels is sometimes so small that people have to struggle to read it. So, Nestle started to use barcodes which can be scanned by Smartphone that make the information related to nutritional and product lifecycle instantly accessible. This is called beyond the label initiative taken by Nestle. The company uses quick response or QR codes with the mobile application or website. This process has been started in UK by the company with its best selling products i.e. Kit Kat and chocolate biscuits (Eden, 2011). The website basically looks at raw material, production, packaging and distribution. For example it shows that two key ingredients of Kit Kat are cocoa and sugar which are from fair-trade-certified farms. The company has trained over 20,000 farmers in the sustainable farming practices of cocoa. Further, Nestle has been operating with the dairy farmers to source the milk product. The company is engaged with the farmers to reduce the environmental impact. Since 2011, farmers have reduced greenhouse gases by 6%. The website also includes some details about the environmental achievements of Nestle. For instance, Kit Kat factory in New York along with more six factories in the country are verified by Bureau Veritas in terms of zero waste to landfill. Apart from the environmental sustainability, Nestle is also supporting the food charity FareShare. Nestle donates over a million meals which is the result that over 450 tons of waste was reduced to landfill. Conclusion This report discusses about core business practice of famous food company Nestle including three concepts i.e. marketing, management and sustainability. From the above discussion, it is analyzed that Nestle is the leading company in the food and beverage industry. The company has strong marketing principles and core values for the business so that healthy and quality food products can be provided to the customers. Apart from effective marketing, there are various steps taken by the company for the sustainable business operations. The company is concerned about the environment in which it is operating and focused on making people aware about the healthy food products. References Bag, S., Anand, N. Pandey, K.K., (2016), Green Supply Chain Management Model for Sustainable Manufacturing Practices: Green Supply Chain Management for Sustainable Business Practice, p.153 Bickhoff, N., Hollensen, S., Opresnik, M., (2014),The Quintessence of Marketing: Strategic and Operative Marketing PlanningSegmenting, Targeting, Positioning.pp. 47-11 Bruning, E. R., Hu, M. Y., Hao, W., (2009), Cross-national segmentation: European Journal of Marketing, 43(11/12), 1498-1522 Chakravarthy, B., Coughlan, S., (2011), Emerging market strategy: innovating both products and delivery systems, 40(1), 27-32 Cullen, J.B. Parboteeah, K.P., (2013), Multinational management, Cengage Learning Das, A., (2015), An Introduction to Operations Management: The Joy of Operations, Routledge Davis, B., (2012), Food and Beverage Management, (5th), London: Routledge De Witt, B., and Meyer, R., (2010), Strategy: Process, Content, Context, Oxford: International Thompson Business Press Dharni, K. and Sharma, R.K., (2015), Supply chain management in food processing sector: experience from India: International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 21(1), pp.115-132 Eden, S., (2011), Food labels as boundary objects: How consumers make sense of organic and functional foods: Public Understanding of Science, 20, 179-94 Ghauri, P.N., (2015), Managing International Subsidiaries: The Case of Swedish Firms, Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 150-154), Springer International Publishing Gilligan, C., Hird, M., (2012),International Marketing Strategy and Management(Vol. 17) Gootman, J. A., McGinnis, J. M. Kraak, V. I., (2006), Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportunity, National Academies Press Hooley, G. J., Saunders, J.A. Piercy, N.F., (2008), Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning, (3rd), Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall Lantos, G. P., (2001), The Boundaries of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18 (7), 595-632 Lee, S., Lien, N., (2015), The influence of adult family members on children's fast food consumption: a health belief perspective: Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 8(3), 185-196 Melo, T. Garrido, A., (2012), Corporate reputation: a combination of social responsibility and industry: Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 19, pp. 11-31 Oke, L., (2016), Human Resources Management: International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS),1(4), pp.376-387 Okeudo, G. N., (2012), Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Society: British Journal of Science, 3 (1), pp156-163 Park, J., Lee, H., Kim, C. (2014), Corporate social responsibilities, consumer trust and corporate reputation: South Korean consumers perspectives: Journal of Business Research, 67, pp. 295-302 Park, S.H., Ungson, G.R. and Cosgrove, A., (2015), Co-aligning Strategies with Management Structures and Systems: In Scaling the Tail: Managing Profitable Growth in Emerging Markets, pp. 91-107, Palgrave Macmillan US Pealoza, L., Toulouse, N., Visconti, L. M., (2013),Marketing management: A cultural perspective, USA: Routledge Pomeranz, Y., (2013), Food analysis: theory and practice, Springer Science Business Media Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., (2013), The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value: The Role of Customer Awareness: Management Science, 59 (5), pp1045-1061 Sikiwa, M. Basera, C.H., (2012), The Influence of Socio-cultural Variables on Consumers Perception of Halal Food Products: A Case of Masvingo Urban: International Journal of Business Management, 7(20), 56-66 Tang, C.S., Sodhi, M.S. and Formentini, M., (2016), An analysis of partially-guaranteed-price contracts between farmers and agri-food companies: European Journal of Operational Research, 254(3), pp.1063-1073 Trematerra, P., (2013), Aspects related to decision support tools and integrated pest management in food chains, Food Control. Vachani, S. and Post, J.E., (2012), Creating socially responsible value chains: Role of companies, governments and NGOs: Business, society and politics: Multinationals in emerging markets, pp.17-44 Vakratsas, Demetrios Ma, Z., (2005), A Look at the Long-run Effectiveness of Multimedia Advertising and Its Implications for Budget Allocation Decisions: Journal of Advertising Research, 45 (2), pp. 24154 Verain, M. C., Dagevos, H., Antonides, G. 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Advertising and Body Satisfaction in Women

Advertising and Body Satisfaction in Women Introduction The role of women in advertising has remained a contentious issue in the contemporary society. For many years, advertisers have used women as advertising objects thus triggering debates and research interest to unravel the unknown truth behind women and advertising. With most adverts carrying the image of women, it is clear that they usually have an impact on viewers in terms of perception towards self-image.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Advertising and Body Satisfaction in Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Needless to mention, all media channels like television, magazines and even the internet are full of adverts carrying the image of a woman (Ohio State University, 2011). Even though this is never a concern to advertisers and marketers, it has been found that women usually get affected by such media images and influence their perception towards self-esteem. In this regard, this paper e xplores the relationship between advertising and body image satisfaction. Literature review The concept of body image and how women are portrayed in the media has continuously drawn the attention of people from all walks of life, including authors, scholars and researchers. In understanding this concept, they have dedicated their time and resources in documenting their findings in form of books, journals and internet articles for future reference and academic edification. This segment synthesizes findings from an array of reputable authors who have broadly covered the topic of advertising and body image satisfaction in women. What is body image? From a psychological point of view, body image refers to ones attitude towards own body with regard to sexual attractiveness and aesthetics. (Festinger, 1957). The phrase was first coined in 1935 by a neurologist from Australia in an article which he described the image and appearance of the human body and how it is viewed by the society. Al though the society has always placed a lot of emphasis on beauty, individual’s perception over their bodies may not necessarily match the standards of the society.Advertising Looking for research paper on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Body image is therefore thought to be a product of several aspects, which define human identity (Clay, Vignoles Dittmar, 2005). These aspects include but not limited to personalities, individual experiences and other forces, which could either be cultural or social. As a result, the sense of physical appearance usually can transform body image in relation to other people or the ideal image recognized by the society (Manasia, 2011). It therefore follows that an individual’s perception may not necessarily reflect other people’s point of view. The ultimate impact of this scenario is either a case of satisfaction or dissatisfaction depending on an indivi dual’s body rating. Due to high value attached to body image and sexualization of women, there has been increasing anxiety related to body image around the world. As a sensitive issue that revolves around gender, women are considered more vulnerable to body image anxiety as compared to their male counterparts. This high concern among women is dangerous since it may result into personality disorders and other health-related issues (Manasia, 2011). For instance, people who view themselves negatively are likely to engage several options like cosmetics and special dieting with an aim of achieving the desired image. Since no guarantee is given for the efficacy of such options, it is worth noting that this approach may lead to severe cases like scorched skin, eating disorders and overall low esteem. As mentioned above, matters of self-image mainly affect women in the society hence leading to altered self-esteem. In general, body image cannot be delinked from self-image. Negative bo dy image always makes a woman to lose her inner self-worth. This means that a person would become less valuable in her own eyes based on judgmental assumptions made from their perceptions. Self-esteem is an essential necessity for both men and women (Maddox, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Advertising and Body Satisfaction in Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, when women view themselves negatively based on body image, the pride within themselves gets eroded to extreme levels that may cause one to lose friends before disconnecting from the social world. This mainly occurs due to body image dissatisfaction. People with a higher self-esteem usually enjoy life to the fullest, make friends easily, manage their feelings and behavior and develop an overall acceptance of who they are (Ohio State University, 2011). Being an important aspect of human life, it is imperative for the society to focus on developing a positive sense of being and encourage women to have a positive self image regardless of what may be considered as a perfect image. It augments body satisfaction and behavior personality as individuals are able to interact freely without putting a lot of concern on how they appear physically (Muscat, 2011). While these efforts are on, it is essential to point out the role of media in influencing personality image and ability of a person to accept who they are and develop an inner positive drive. Body image and media For a very long time, media has portrayed the image of women negatively or different from what the society considers as a standard image. This is common in advertising where most adverts carry images of women that end up affecting the overall body satisfaction among women. According to Manasia 2011, mass media affects the image of women in a wide range of ways. This occurs through the use of common technologies, which are applied in advertising, and they range from billboards, television, magazines and the internet. In a 2011 research explaining the impact of mass media on body image, Manasia wonders whether mass media has become the beholder of beauty in the contemporary society.Advertising Looking for research paper on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The research affirms that there is substantive evidence indicating that physical appearance of women is quite important in dictating the behavior of women and their average self-image (Manasia, 2011). In this study, it is undoubtedly clear that media has strong influence in enhancing body satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Many research findings support the hypothesis of this research arguing that most women around the world find image to be influential in their lives as it determines the manner in which they interact with others, perceive themselves and find satisfaction or dissatisfaction within (Kacey, n.d.). It filters down to the level of social acceptability as they feel recognized in terns of their body image. Unlike body satisfaction which most women find satisfaction, dissatisfaction can lead to serious withdrawal problems among women. In analyzing this issue, it is equally important to consider several aspects of beauty as portrayed by the media and advertising companies. Sm all sized-women are usually favored compared to average or bigger sizes. In such a case, women who find themselves within the favored category derive significant satisfaction in themselves as they are considered perfect (Media Awareness Network, 2010). On the other hand, women who may have a different body size tend to draw backwards with the fear of rejection due to perceived deviation from what is considered to be perfect in the society. This implies that adverts, which put a lot of emphasis on body size leave the viewer with a distorted mind concerning acceptable standards of beauty and perfection. However, satisfaction or dissatisfaction depends on the level of personal investment towards physical image (Kilbourne, 2011). In other words, this argument emphasizes the fact that the impact of body image in advertising affects women differently depending on an individual’s focus and concern over personal image. Other researches done further indicated that most women prefer tu rning to magazines, billboards and television adverts, which promote thinness as the ideal body figure to be recognized (Markey, Markey Birch, 2004). This seems to be personal-induced torture since some women get obsessed and lured to such images even when they fall outside the ideal bracket of beauty being emphasized by advertisers and other media companies. When women are exposed to images and video ads, which depict a particular attribute of beauty, they usually get angrier and depressed than before they interacted with the material. With these images dominating fashion magazines around the world, one wonders why women still purchase them, since they cause some level of body dissatisfaction (Biagi, 2011). According to Muscatell 2011, TV and magazines are filled with images that depict beauty and perfection among women. However, the main question revolves around the way beauty is represented. These images display ultra-thin women and other celebrities appearing with flawless body images. With regards to billboard adverts, Muscatell argues that it is possible for one to be left with body images in the mind while driving down city streets as billboards dominate all forms of ads on major roads and highways. In a 2011 article, Muscatell is concerned with the direction which advertising companies have taken and the way they define beauty. His main concern is the most probable way of adopting in order to correct the trend which continues to affect women psychologically as some of the sizes and figures, which are considered ideal seem to be unrealistic and unhealthy (Muscat, 2011). As further noted by authors, most women get dissatisfied when exposed to adverts in magazines, which support ultra-thin images. This may cause a feeling of lowliness as people imagine being unfit in the society and irrelevant in the societal context of beauty. Importantly, issues of satisfaction and dissatisfaction adversely affect women below the age of nineteen years as compared to ad ults and mature women (Kirsh, 2009). This is because young women are more concerned with body image and may suffer severely in an attempt to attain the size being perceived as acceptable by the media. For young women who may have this size, they also derive a lot of body image satisfaction as they may feel more acceptable, beautiful and recognizable in the society. On the contrary, those that do not meet perceived standards end up frustrated and may resort to unhealthy and dangerous means of attaining perceived duty. As a result, many develop eating disorders like bulimia and nervosa (Cortese, 2008). While many women get affected by adverts, which depict the body image, it is sometimes impossible to avoid the impact of adverts. How common are adverts of this nature? Regardless of the nature of products being marketed, women are commonly represented in ads (Grogan, 2008). Commercials ranging from foodstuffs to electronics carry the image of women with emphasis on particular attribute s of beauty like color and size. Additionally, our exposure to the media makes it impossible to avoid these adverts. How often do women visit the internet, watch TV or even drive on the streets? It is clear that the current environment is under significant influence of media that women who may choose to avoid fashion magazines may still suffer the impact of media adverts and get affected emotionally (Ussher, 2000). Theories Social construction theory The broadness of this theory covers a wide range of issues from economic to a person’s eating behavior at home. According to this theory, our lives are shaped depending on daily experiences which emanate from effects of numerous social agreements, shared social actions and several institutional practices. As a result, many things which are ignored and taken for granted are always results of human inter-subjectivity. On this basis, a social construct denotes anything in existence as a result of social interactions and not objectiv e reality. However, these components do exists as integral elements of our social life. Other social constructionists describe social constructs as epistemologically objective since they are objects which have meaning in our social lives. Additionally, social reality is rooted in human behavior, institutional practices, culture and different languages. From research carried out by different experts and psychologists around the world, it is evident that women get more affected by adverts than men. This could be explained from different perspectives including the way the society defines women as well as what they are expected to become in life. Through social construction of reality and construction theories, societies have developed norms and standards from a wide range of choices. In other words, whatever that is represented through adverts is not the inherent approach in describing body image but rather an adopted approach that has been adopted through countless choices (Berger Lu ckmann, 1991). In this understanding, social constructionists oppose essentialism, which basically emphasizes the need to observe natural rules as opposed to the creation of perceived social reality that seeks to justify why certain things have to be done in a different way from what is considered as a norm (Berger Luckmann, 1991). In relating this theory to women representation in adverts and satisfaction level, it suffices to mention that the contemporary society has realized the existence of several options and variables that could be used in measure beauty besides accepted ones. This makes it frustrating for women who do not meet the perceived standards since many get obsessed to conforming to the patterns of the world as compared to appreciating what they are. Body image satisfaction in women as influenced by adverts can also be explained using the cultivation theory which expounds on the long-term effects of watching television. Sociologists posit that television is a form of mass media, which has the capacity of binding societies and groups of people together through common behavior, ethics and stances (Berger Luckmann, 1991). Through cumulative impact of exposure to TV, victims like children accept certain trends, which begin shaping their lives with time. The same case applies to adverts and body image satisfaction in women. For a very long time, ultra-slim bodies in women with small tummies have been considered as core attributes of beauty in the society. In other words, these elements are widely acceptable and most people work towards attaining these cultivated features. When these images are carried in adverts on billboards, the internet and other advertising channels, they become widely acceptable and influential. As a result women suffer from body image dissatisfaction if they are not favored or derive a lot of satisfaction. Framing From a social science perspective, framing theory suggests that the exact manner in which something is presented to the public usually has significant influence on the choices made by affected people. It is viewed as an important approach as opposed to rational choice theory which describes how people strive to make rational choices in life regardless of the nature of the data given for analysis. It is important to note that communication plays a major role in framing theory because it evokes conceptual and moral frames through language. Additionally, frames form vital systems in the community which have to be built for a long period of time. As an art, framing can be essential when coupled with cognitive linguistics. Framing is closely related to agenda-setting although it focuses on the immediate issues at hand rather than an entire topic of research. According to framing theorists, the media usually places certain events within some space which has meaning as a way of drawing the public attention. As a result, the media is able to control the manner in which audience analyzes issues and mak es choices. Framing therefore revolves around how certain information is covered by the media and the way in which people choose to digest it. Frames influence people’s attitudes towards a given item being featured in the media. Framing theorists argue that systems are usually developed after some time. This is common in explaining the effects of media to the society. It follows that systems formed through framing and get accepted and assimilated as true and recommended standards (Scheufele, 1999). Additionally, this theory emphasizes the manner in which different items are presented. This presentation usually has impact on people or individuals interacting with it. In seeking social reality, women get influenced by representation of body image through adverts. As an acceptable system, many strive to mimic these standards while others get discouraged and dissatisfied with their body images as they may not measure up to the acceptable standards of beauty. Dealing with dissatis faction It is clear that representation of women through adverts has a profound impact on their perception towards their bodies and causes them to get flooded with negative mood and low self-esteem (Poveromo Hofstra University, 2007). As seen in the above segments of analysis, this may lead to social withdrawal and disconnection, emotional disability and poor eating habits among other adverse effects. Consequently, there is every need to help women to develop and nurture their self-worthiness regardless of how body images are represented through commercial ads. Through psychological efforts, suggestions have been put forth do deal with dissatisfaction among women emanating from negative media representation. One of these ways is cognitive dissonance. By definition, it refers to holding conflicting positions simultaneously (Festinger, 1957). This is common when a person believes that physical exercising is important but fails to make any efforts to get to the gym. In this approach, people are usually advised to alleviate their psychological discomfort by making sober and sound decisions. For the cited scenario, it would be recommendable for the person to go to the gym in order to stay physically fit or ignore and assume that exercising was not that important. Besides being supported by advertising companies, women ought to be informed that being heavy is healthier than struggling to become ultra-slim (Wykes Gunter, 2005). In so doing, victims are likely to have a different attitude towards their bodies and maintain a positive self-image. Future research questions In addressing future interests, researches should focus on answering the following research issues: How to prevent dissatisfaction caused by negative body representation of women in adverts. Why men are rarely affected by adverts with regard to body dissatisfaction. Conclusion and recommendations It is more evident than not that media has an array of effects on the society. Even though some people argue that the impact of media cannot be quantified, its influence has far-reaching effects. Of significance is the manner in which our behaviors get transformed by emulating celebs and other prominent people dominating the media. This is usually a perceived assumption that media personalities are perfect in character (Cohen, 2006). The same argument is used by advertising companies to woo customers. By making adverts associated with certain individuals, psychologists have proven that people get easily swayed in decision-making, a concept that marketers take capitalize. However, common representation of women body image in ads has negative effects. Women get satisfied or dissatisfied depending on whether the image portrayed favors them or not. Dissatisfaction results into other unhealthy and fatal cases like personality disorders and change of behavior. On the other hand, satisfaction may influence the society to believe that a certain trend is acceptable and worth nurturing (Tiggem ann Slater, 2003). This research has supported the hypothesis that advertising has a significant impact on body image satisfaction in women. References Berger, P., Luckmann, T. (1991). The social construction of reality: a treatise in the sociology of knowledge. City of Westminster, London: Penguin Books. Biagi, S. (2011). Media Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media. Stamford, Connecticut, U.S: Cengage Learning. Clay, D., Vignoles, V., Dittmar, H. (2005). Body Image and Self-Esteem among Adolescent Girls: Testing the Influence of Socio-cultural Factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 15(4), 451–477. Cohen, S. (2006). Media Exposure and the Subsequent Effects on Body Dissatisfaction, Disordered Eating, and Drive for Thinness: A Review of the Current Research. The Wesleyan Journal of Psychology, 1, 57-71. Cortese, J. (2008). Provocateur: images of women and minorities in advertising. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman Littlefield. Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive diss onance. London: Stanford University Press. Grogan, S. (2008). Body image: understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women, and children. United Kingdom: Taylor Francis. Kacey, D. (n.d.). Greening: The Objectification and Dismemberment of Women in the Media. Capital University. Retrieved from kon.org/urc/v5/greening.html Kilbourne, J. (2011). Beautyand the Beast of Advertising. Center for media Literacy. Retrieved from medialit.org/reading-room/beautyand-beast-advertising Kirsh, S. (2009). Media and youth: a developmental perspective. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. Maddox, R. (2005). Cognitive responses to idealized media Images of women: the relationship of Social comparison and critical Processing to body image disturbance in college women. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24(8), 1114-1138. Manasia, T. (2011). Effects of Media on Body Image. Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://healthpsych.psy.vanderbilt.edu/media_and_body_image.htm Markey, C., Markey , P., Birch, L. (2004). Understanding Women’s Body Satisfaction. Sex Roles, 51(4), 209–216. Media Awareness Network. (2010). Beauty and Body Image in the Media. Media Awareness Network. Retrieved from media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/women_and_girls/women_beauty.cfm Muscat, K. (2011). Can’t Get No (Body) Satisfaction: Media Effects on Body Image. Psychology in Action. Retrieved from psychologyinaction.org/2011/09/19/can%E2%80%99t-get-no-body-satisfaction-media-effects-on-body-image/ Ohio State University. (2011). Medias focus on ideal body shape can boost womens body satisfaction, for a while. Science Daily. Retrieved from sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/04/110411121557.htm Poveromo, J., Hofstra University. (2007). Magazine influence and body dissatisfaction in women: An examination of initial body dissatisfaction, social comparison, and internalization of the thin ideal. Michigan: ProQuest. Scheufele, D. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effec ts. Journal of Communication, 103-122. Tiggemann, M., Slater, A. (2003). Thin Ideals in Music Television: A Source of Social Comparison and Body Dissatisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35, 48–58. Ussher, J. (2000). Womens health: contemporary international perspectives. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. Wykes, M. Gunter, B. (2005). The media and body image: if looks could kill. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE.

Is It Possible To Feel Sympathy For Macbeth Essays

Is It Possible To Feel Sympathy For Macbeth Essays Is It Possible To Feel Sympathy For Macbeth Paper Is It Possible To Feel Sympathy For Macbeth Paper We can take a quote from this scene where all the witches chant: Fair is foul and foul is fair, this quote IS hinting towards Macbeth future, with he quotes meaning being that things dont look the same as they actually are on the inside. In the second scene, king Duncan learns the rebels, led by traitor Thane of Castor Macdonald, has been crushed by Macbeth, Macbeth is praised for his bravery shown in this quote: for brave Macbeth (well he deserves that name, disdaining fortune, with his brandished steel this shows his bravery and loyalty, at this point he is a soldier with good intentions and no aspiration for harm. After Duncan hears this news he orders for McDonalds execution and announces Macbeth to be the new hand of Castor. Dunces condemns Macdonald by saying no more that Thane of Castor shall deceive our bosoms interest, meaning that he wont receive matters close to his heart. In scene three the witches appear and discuss putting a horrific spell on a sailor just for being rude to one of the witches, this is hinting towards the way they treat Macbeth and what Macbeth is going to be dragged into. The witches then come to Macbeth and Banana to give a prophecy in which they hail Macbeth as Thane of Glacis, Thane of Castor and King hereafter, the three witches then disappear. After, Angus and Ross tell Macbeth he is the new Thane Castor, this tells Macbeth the prophecy is true. Macbeth is very interested and tempted in the crown now we know this from this quote: Why do yield to that suggestion whose horrid image doth unfix my hair, and make me my seated heart knock at my ribs. Macbeth has just thought about killing Duncan but the thought makes him feel an odd sick feeling, his humanity provokes us to feel sympathy for Macbeth. In scene 4, King Duncan thanks Macbeth and Banana personally. You can tell that Macbeth wants the crown as he flatters Duncan as he says The service and loyalty owe in doing it, pays itself, Your highness part is to receive our duties. However Malcolm, Dunces son, is announced as the next king, you can feel sympathy for Macbeth here because what he has be en promised by the witches has been taken away from him. However this quotes tells us that Macbeth wants to kill Duncan: that is a Step on which I must fall down, or else Orleans, for in my way it lies, he is saying he must either forget about his ambitions or plan to do something about the obstacles in the way of his true, his decision is made: stars hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires. He is asking God to not let anyone discover his ambitions; we lose sympathy for Macbeth at this point. In scene 5, Lady Macbeth reads a letter from Macbeth of what the witches have predicted, Lady Macbeth becomes desperate for the crown and will now stop at nothing to get it. However she doubts Machetes drive for this throne: yet I do fear thy nature. It is too full o the milk of human kindness so she decides to persuade by pouring her spirits into thing ear. When Macbeth arrives home she persuades and manipulates him into killing Duncan when he comes to spend the night at their castle. We can feel sympathy for Macbeth at this point because he has thinking about killing Duncan and he is vulnerable but Lady Macbeth causes him to change his mind. Scene 6 is a very short one in which Duncan and others arrives at Inverness and is greeted by Lady Macbeth, and flatters him by saying: all our service, in every point done twice and then double, were poor and single business to contend against those honors deep and broad wherewith Your Majesty odds our house. In scene 7 Macbeth debates with himself whether he should kill Duncan. But his wife goads him, manipulating him, she questions his manhood Was hope drunk wherein you dressed yourself. She even questions his love for her From this time, should I account thy love. Macbeth still questions himself, but she begs him to tighten his courage to the limit. Lady Macbeth his pushing and pulling at a weak and vulnerable mind, so we must feel sympathy for him. Macbeth goes ahead with the plan to murder Duncan. In conclusion, I do feel sympathy for Macbeth at some points of Act 1 u to his wife being so ruthless and his loyalty and humanity at the beginning of the Act, but I feel as though t his means hardly anything because his does think about killing Duncan and Macbeth knows what he plans to do is wrong, and fully acknowledges the future consequences. That is a Step on which must fall down, or else overlap, for in my way it lies, he is saying he must either forget about manhood Was hope drunk wherein you dressed yourself. She even Duncan. In conclusion, do feel sympathy for Macbeth at some points of Act 1 beginning of the Act, but feel as though this means hardly anything because

Managing Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Managing Decisions - Essay Example e decisions which are taken on the basis of relevant assumptions which are made after considering for all types of situations and consequences which the organisation can face in future. As per this model there are seven basic steps which are taken while managing decisions. First of all, the main problem should be defined and analysed in order to assess the future situation which the company may face due to the problem. The second step is to identify and analyse all the alternative solutions of the problem. The third step is to analyse all the merits and demerits of the identified alternatives. Once all the alternatives have been assessed the fourth step is to rank all alternative solutions as per their strengths. Ranking helps to identify the optimal alternative solution which can maximise the satisfaction level, thus identification of the optimal solution id the fifth step of this model. Sixth step is to implement the chosen alternative. Once the alternative is implemented follow up s are done to assure that every thing is going as decided, this is the seventh step in normative model (Swansburg and Swansburg, 2002, p.256). Decision tree: The uncertainty aspects of the future events make the decision making more crucial and vital for every organisation. One of the most popular and common quantitative technique which is used to manage decisions regarding uncertain activities is decision tree. Thus decision tree can be defined as the graphical representation of various sequential decisions and the various expected values of those decisions. The decision tree helps to assess each decision as per their sequence in analysing the expected value of the given alternatives. The expected values are the probable value of the outcomes of various activities. These are considered... Center of discussion in this paper is decision making as an important aspect of every business enterprise. The success of the organisation largely depends upon the managerial decisions. Therefore it is very important to efficiently manage the decision making. The whole organisation starting from the recruitment of the human resource, planning for the production and manufacturing of products, planning for the projected business, demand forecasting, planning of the activities to be done in the organisation, budgeting, forecasting of the revenue, target customers, etc are very important for success of the organisation. Therefore, the managerial decisions are very important and have a great impact on the overall performance of the company. If any decisions regarding planning of the organisational activities or the short term targets set for the company are not done efficiently then the company can be severely affected in long run. There are many techniques which help the managers in thei r decision making. Some of the methods are quantitative and some are qualitative. Every method has its pros and cons but at the same time relevant in their own field. Thus the best technique is to combine the various techniques of decision making in other words the management should not depend on one technique of decision making but it should practice a variety of decision making tools which would increase the efficiency of decision making process and will also make the decision process faster and effective.